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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bovesk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ботанический вестник Северного Кавказа</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Botanical Journal of the North Caucasus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-2444</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Дагестанский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33580/24092444_2021_2_7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bovesk-50</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анатомическое строение вегетативных органов некоторых редких древесных видов Дагестана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomical structure of vegetative organs some rare tree species of Dagestan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асадулаев</surname><given-names>З. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asadulaev</surname><given-names>Z. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асадулаев Загирбег Магомедович, доктор биологических наук, профессор, директор</p><p>367000 г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asadulaev Zagirbeg Magomedovich, Doctor of Biology, Professor, director</p><p>367000, Makhachkala, M. Gadzhieva St., 45</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asgorbs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанова</surname><given-names>З. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanova</surname><given-names>Z. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамазанова Зулфира Рамазановна, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник Лаборатории интродукции и генетических ресурсов древесных растений</p><p>367000 г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramazanova Zulfira Ramazanovna, Candidate of Biology, Scientific Researcher, Laboratory of introduction and genetic resources of woody plants</p><p>367000, Makhachkala, M. Gadzhieva St., 45</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zulfiraram@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadykova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Садыкова Гульнара Алиловна, кандидат биологических наук, ученый секретарь</p><p>367000 г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sadykova Gulnara Alilovna, Candidate of Biology, Scientific Secretary</p><p>367000, Makhachkala, M. Gadzhieva St., 45</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sadykova_gula@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиатаев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhiataev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаджиатаев Магомед Габибуллаевич, младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории интродукции и генетических ресурсов древесных растений</p><p>367000 г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gadzhiataev Magomed Gabibullaevich, Junior researcher, Laboratory of introduction and genetic resources of woody plants</p><p>367000, Makhachkala, M. Gadzhieva St., 45</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омарова</surname><given-names>П. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omarova</surname><given-names>P. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омарова Паризат Курбаналиевна, младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории интродукции и генетических ресурсов древесных растений</p><p>367000 г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omarova Parizat Kurbanalievna, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of introduction and genetic resources of woody plants</p><p>367000, Makhachkala, M. Gadzhieva St., 45</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">parizat.omarova.87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Горный ботанический сад ДФИЦ РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Mountain Botanical Garden of DFRC RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Асадулаев З.М., Рамазанова З.Р., Садыкова Г.А., Гаджиатаев М.Г., Омарова П.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Асадулаев З.М., Рамазанова З.Р., Садыкова Г.А., Гаджиатаев М.Г., Омарова П.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Asadulaev Z.M., Ramazanova Z.R., Sadykova G.A., Gadzhiataev M.G., Omarova P.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bovesk.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/50">https://bovesk.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/50</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена изучению анатомического строения вегетативных органов редких древесных растений Дагестана Taxus baccata L., Nitraria schoberi L., Juniperus polycarpos K. Koch, Celtis caucasica Willd., Betula raddeana Trautv. для анализа особенностей признаков в связи с условиями произрастания и возможного применения полученных данных в дальнейшем для решения таксономических вопросов.</p><p>Фиксирование побегов, корней и листьев, приготовление временных микропрепаратов и описание основных структурных элементов тканей проводили в соответствии с общепринятыми методиками. Материал для исследований заготавливали у растений Taxus baccata, произрастающих в местности Терменлик Предгорного Дагестана, у Betula raddeana из Гунибского плато, Juniperus polycarpos из окрестности селения Губден, Celtis caucasica, произрастающего в г. Махачкала. У видов с древовидной формой для изучения отбирали однолетние побеги с северной стороны крон на уровне 1.5–2 м от земли. У кустов Nitraria schoberi изучено строение листьев, взятых с годичных побегов, а также надземного и подземного многолетнего стебля и корня из сулакской популяции.</p><p>В анатомическом строении листьев T. baccata выявлены значительные изменения показателей, что связано с их старением и сокращением продолжительности жизни хвоинок от 10 возможных до 5 лет. Выдвинуто предположение о том, что места произрастания тиса ягодного в Дагестане находятся на границе его ареала и не являются для него оптимальными. При описании строения молодых побегов J. polycarpos выделены характерные признаки в зависимости от возраста побега. Видоспецифичным является наличие двух- и трехгранных типов побегов с большим количеством каменистых и масляных клеток в листовых подушках. Впервые дается полная характеристика анатомии листа C. caucasica, типичного ксерофита, что отражается и в анатомической структуре его листьев. У N. schoberi показано, что особенности строения листьев связаны с поддержанием высокого осмотического давления протоплазмы в связи с произрастанием вида на засоленных почвах и при высокой температуре воздуха. У B. raddeana показана гипостоматность распределения устьиц, устьичные комплексы анамоцитнные, реже латероцитные (130.2 шт. на 1 мм2), по жилкам обеих сторон листьев имеются простые одноклеточные шиловидные (прямые, серповидные) и нитевидные (прямые и извилистые) волоски.</p><p>У T. baccata, C. caucasica, B. raddeana получены количественные данные о строении типичных для вегетативных побегов листьев и изменении этих показателей с возрастом. У J. Polycarpos впервые изучено строение однолетнего и двулетнего побега, N. schoberi описаны лист, надземный побег, подземный побег и корень, выделены экологически значимые адаптивные признаки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of rare woody plants of Dagestan Taxus baccata L., Nitraria schoberi L., Juniperus polycarpos K. Koch, Celtis caucasica Willd., Betula raddeana Trautv. to analyze the characteristics of characters in connection with the conditions of growth and the possible application of the data obtained in the future to resolve taxonomic issues.</p><p>Fixation of shoots, roots and leaves, preparation of temporary micropreparations and description of the main structural elements of tissues were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. Material for research was harvested from Taxus baccata plants growing in the Termenlik area of Piedmont Dagestan, from Betula raddeana from the Gunib Plateau, from Juniperus polycarpos from the vicinity of the village of Gubden, Celtis caucasica growing in the city of Makhachkala. In species of a tree-like form, one-year-old shoots were selected for study from the northern side of the crowns at a level of 1.5–2 m from the ground. In Nitraria schoberi bushes, the structure of leaves taken from annual shoots, as well as aboveground and underground perennial stems and roots from the Sulak population, was studied.</p><p>In the anatomical structure of the leaves of T. baccata, significant changes in indicators were revealed, which is associated with their aging and a reduction in the life expectancy of needles from 10 possible to 5 years. It has been suggested that the places of growth of the yew berry in Dagestan are on the border of its range and are not optimal for it. When describing the structure of young shoots of J. polycarpos, characteristic features were identified depending on the age of the shoot. Species-specific is the presence of two- and three-sided types of shoots with a large number of stony and oily cells in leaf cushions. For the first time, a complete characterization of the leaf anatomy of C. caucasica, a typical xerophyte, is given, which is also reflected in the anatomical structure of its leaves. In N. schoberi, it was shown that the structural features of the leaves are associated with the maintenance of a high osmotic pressure of the protoplasm due to the growth of the species on saline soils and at high air temperatures. In B. raddeana, the distribution of stomata is hypostomatous, stomatal complexes are anamocytic, less often laterocytic (130.2 pcs. per 1 mm2), along the veins of both sides of the leaves there are simple unicellular awl-shaped (straight, crescentshaped) and filiform (straight and sinuous) hairs.</p><p>In T. baccata, C. caucasica, B. raddeana, quantitative data were obtained on the structure of leaves typical of vegetative shoots and the change in these parameters with age. In J. polycarpos, the structure of one-year and two-year-old stems was studied for the first time; in N. schoberi, the leaf, above-ground shoot, underground shoot, and root were described, and ecologically significant adaptive traits were identified. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Taxus baccata</kwd><kwd>Juniperus polycarpos</kwd><kwd>Nitraria schoberi</kwd><kwd>Celtis caucasica</kwd><kwd>Betula raddeana</kwd><kwd>анатомическое строение листа</kwd><kwd>стебля и корня</kwd><kwd>Низменный и Предгорный Дагестан</kwd><kwd>диагностические признаки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Taxus baccata</kwd><kwd>Juniperus polycarpos</kwd><kwd>Nitraria schoberi</kwd><kwd>Celtis caucasica</kwd><kwd>Betula raddeana</kwd><kwd>anatomical structure of the leaf</kwd><kwd>stem and root</kwd><kwd>Lowland and Piedmont Dagestan</kwd><kwd>diagnostic features</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abd Elhalim M. 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