The results of studies of the taxonomic composition of the algoflora of the plankton of the Solonka River (Republic of Tatarstan) are presented. A list of 95 taxa ranked below the genus is provided, indicating their ecological and geographical characteristics and occurrence. The analysis of the taxonomic structure and the assessment of the generic coefficient are carried out. The basis of the taxonomic composition is represented by cosmopolitans, typically planktonic, freshwater forms, indifferent and alkaliphiles in relation to the active reaction of water, β-mesosaprobes. The flora is formed by 67 genera, 42 families, 28 orders, 11 classes and 8 departments. The most significant role in the taxonomic diversity of phytoplankton among the orders and families is played by euglenic, green, cyanoprokaryotes and diatoms. A comparison of the values of the generic coefficient for in dividual taxa in the rank of departments showed that Euglenophyta with representatives of the genera Trachelomonas and Phacus, concentrated on the middle section of the river, is characterized by the greatest floral richness. According to the functional classification, they belong to groups W1 and W2, as inhabitants of shallow eutrophic reservoirs. The high generic coefficient of euglena is due to favorable conditions in the river area for the development of closely related species. The quantitative distribution of taxa (species, genera, generic coefficient) in phytoplankton along the river has a discrete character with the highest indicators in the middle part of the river, near the locations of settlements.
The article establishes the position of the family Cistaceae Juss. in the APG IV classification system. The genus Cestus belongs to: class Plantae, clade Rosids (Rosids), group Malvidae, true rosids (Malvidae, Eurosids II), order Malvales Juss. ex Bercht. et J. Presl., family Cistaceae Juss. The geographical distribution of Cistus salviifolius in the territory of the Tuapse-Adler floris tic district of the Caucasus is shown, the growing places in the vicinity of the village are investigat ed. Chemitokwaje. The species has been established to grow in Northwestern Transcaucasia in the area of Cape Idokopas. The most favorable communities for the growth of Cistus salviifolius are sparse pine and oak-pine communities. Under these conditions, populations are complete, individuals have powerful branching and abundant flowering. Spatial and reproductive isolation of the locality, the absence of a pyrogenic factor, limited zoochory, deterioration of growing conditions due to shading by trees of the upper tier threaten the habitat of Cistus salviifolius in Russia.
The anatomical structure of the shoots, roots, leaves and petals of the medicinal plant Eremostachys laciniata (L.) Bunge was studied to identify species-specific characteristics and diagnostic value.
It was revealed that: in basal and stem leaves, the cells of the upper epidermis are larger than in bracts. The number of vascular bundles in the petioles of the basal leaves of E. laciniata is three, with one large horseshoe-shaped bundle in the center and one small lateral rounded bundle on each side. The leaf blade of E. laciniata is amphistomatic. The stomatal apparatus is anomocytic, less often diacytic, stomatal cells are lenticular in shape. The stem is tetrahedral; the cut epidermis of the stem consists of straight-walled rectangular cells. Along the edge of the petal there are papillary projections and elongated two-cell simple trichomes with thick walls. The stem, petiole, leaves and petals have simple and glandular trichomes on the surface. The outside of the root is covered with a single-layer rhizoderm, the endoderm is not visible, and a plug is formed subendodermally. The primary xylem of the root is tetrarchic; the secondary xylem contains annual rings.
The research results can be used to develop regulatory documentation and introduce medicinal plant raw materials and preparations from E. laciniata into medical and pharmaceutical practice.
New data on lichen flora of the Stavropol Territory (Central Caucasus) are provided. For the first time, 71 species and 48 genera of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the natural monument “Mountain Lysaya” are reported. Among them, 24 species and seven genera (Arthopyrenia, Cercidospora, Endococcus, Heteroplacidium, Pyrenocarpon, Kiliasia, Verruculopsis) were found for the first time in the Stavropol Territory, 17 species and four genera (Cercidospora, Pyre nocarpon, Kiliasia and Verruculopsis) are news for the Central Caucasus, and four species (Psorotichia allobrogensis, Verrucaria bisagnoensis,V. glaucovirens, Xanthocarpia lacteoides) are reported for the first time for the Caucasus. For first Caucasian finding illustrations are shown and a brief morphological description and differences from related species given.
Based on the results of field work in 2023–2024 in the Krasnodar Region and the Re public of Abkhazia, Cirsium oleraceum (L.) Scop. is indicated for the first time for the flora of the Caucasus; for the flora of Northwestern Transcaucasia (Gelendzhik region) Aira elegantissima Schur is indicated; for Western Transcaucasia (Tuapse–Adler region) – Hippocrepis emeroides (Boiss. et Spruner) Czerep, Salix cinerea L., Salvinia natans (L.) All. and naturalized alien species: Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Pontederia cordata L., Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl. and Lycium barbarum L. New places of growth of Galanthus rizehensis Stern and Trades cantia fluminensis Vell. are indicated for the Republic of Abkhazia. For the flora of the Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve – Hydrocotyle ramiflora Maxim. Findings of new localities on the ФBlack Sea coast of the Caucasus are of botanical and geographical interest and significantly expand the understanding of the chorology of native and alien species.
